Generation Dean Redux
This is a guest post by Michael Whitney. Whitney is a web designer and Internet strategist based in Washington, DC. As the co-founder and Communications Director of Generation Dean, Michael organized 23,000 young people to support Howard Dean for President. He can be reached at michael[at]michaelwhitney[dot]net.
It's no secret 2008 will dwarf not just the last election, but every election in presidential history; in the course of the nearly two-year-long campaign, the candidates will spend about a billion dollars selling themselves to the American public.
To give some perspective for young voters, take this time four years ago: at the February 2003 DNC Winter Meeting, Governor Howard Dean spoke to a roomful of two or three hundred students in Washington, DC for the annual College Democrats convention. That speech was for many the first hint he'd energize young voters in his campaign for president.
Fast forward to the same weekend in 2007: more than 3,000 DC-area students organized themselves to see Barack Obama speak at George Mason University. Forgetting the relative disparity between the popularity of Obama and Dean, this is still an impressive feat. Needless to say, the key to this success is the existence of common spaces to reach young people in the form of Facebook and MySpace.
In March 03, I built the first website for what was then known as Students for Dean, and within a couple of weeks, the first couple dozen groups were active on the site. After a couple months and a new site, we were approaching 100 groups and several thousand members. Our new website was cutting edge: students could join a number of school-based groups, and we gave group leaders the ability to manage their members.
I sound like I'm complaining about having to walk to school in the snow uphill both ways, but really, the 2003 and 2007 primary campaigns are almost incomparable: by the end of Dean's campaign, Generation Dean boasted 23,000 members who registered through our website. Today, Obama has nearly twice that many friends on MySpace, Hillary boasts 23,000, and so on; reaching those people through a MySpace bulletin is as effective-- if not moreso--as sending the same people an email.
It's going to be tough for candidates today to claim ownership of the MySpace Generation. Every candidate will have a profile on at least one of the social networking sites. But it's not just a numbers game. Having the most friends will not automatically put the candidate's name on the ballot in November, and certainly won't guarantee victory, either. The key will be getting serious with the people behind the profiles.
Dean gave ownership of his campaign to his supporters. And while his campaign did target young voters, I don't think it was this specific attention directed towards our generation that drew us in. Quite the opposite: it's that he spoke plainly, and he spoke to everyone. It wasn't about navigating landmines in DC, nor was it about following carefully tested messaging strategies. He just talked. And he was honest.
So, it's up to this field of 16 to try and do the same. How will young people become invested in this election? What will it take to grab our attention? What will finally smash the myth that young people don't vote? And more importantly, for whom will we turn out and smash that myth?
Breaking News
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Check Out the Campus Progress Southern Regional ConferenceOur friends over at Campus Progress are hosting their first ever Southern Regional Conference on February 6-8, 2009. You can join other students and young people from across the south for a weekend ...
2008 Youth Vote in Context
The following charts and graphs are meant to contextualize the unique role that young voters played in the 2008 election, and their increasingly important role in a winning electoral coalition:
2008 Youth Electoral Map

2004 Youth Electoral Map

Youth Vote Partisan Advantage: 2000 - 2008

Youth Vote Historical Support: 1976 - 2008

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Just to solidify this point:
I came across this article right after I sent in this post: Not only will every candidate be on at least one social networking site, but John Edwards maintains a presence on—count ‘em—24 social networking sites. Welcome to 2008.
Michael, I was just thinking
Michael, I was just thinking about this last week. We felt like we were pretty big shit running a ship with 24,000 members, and we were, but Obama has made that whole thing seem tiny in comparison. It really is inspirational. Of course it must be said that the group organizing tool that Ryan Beam created was OUR version of facebook back then - very innovative at the time.
I do not necessarily agree with you about myspace and facebook bulletins being more effective than an email (I think who each comes from is more important than the type of message). A real challenge I think for the current campaign groups is getting more information from people so they can effectively contact them and organize them around localities (or even regions) and get them working for the campaign beyond (but still including) the social networking sites. A major problem that I see is that with facebook, once your group gets over 1,000 you can’t message the entirety of your group at once. Similarly a myspace bulletin is very easily missed by most users. Instead - you could try to do individual messages or something but that seems entirely unrealstic. Additionally, I feel that a myspace or facebook membership is much more passive (but trust me when I say I’m not arguing it isn’t amazingly valuable) than they type we had - hell I’m in a group of facebook called “You know you’re from Arizona when …” with almost 10k members.
Additionally, the hierarchical (sp?) nature of Ryan’s membership management system was amazingly useful for our national, regional and state organizers. The fact that someone could logon to Ryan’s membership management page, see if there was a chapter, join one if it was there, or create a new one if it wasn’t was extremely valuable. Even more so - the ability for us to watch this all happen, contact everyone who created a group within the system (nationally, and statewide), and set tangible goals and monitor progress toward them was key. Not only did this help us become more effective - being able to see all the activity at the local level as it was happening (and not as it was being described for us), it allowed us to identify the organizers who were doing the best job and almost as valuably, the organizers who were PRETENDING to be doing a great job but were really just full of shit.
I think it goes without saying that the greatest work we had from GenDean members came from organized chapters at the campus and community level and I think the first campaign to effectiively convert the myspace and facebook crowds into something more structured (but still grassrootsy) like we had can really blow this thing away. It is mind boggling to think what could be done combining the type of efforts we had back in 03 with the numbers and exposure candidates are getting this early.
I remember drinking with you at the end of everything in DC in your dormroom and talking about how awesome it would be if we could have kept going - having learned so many hard lessons along the way. I hope that the current youth organizers for these various campaigns aren’t too caught up in the moment (like we often were) or too proud (like we often were) to seek help from those of us who had done the same thing, even to a smaller scale, before them.
Challenges and Opportunities
Michael,
So I’m wondering what you see as the biggest opportunities that social networking sites have, and how you think a campaign youth operation in 2007 and 2008 will be different from what you put together in 2004.
Also wondering if you see any challenges presented by these new forms?
It strikes me that in the end, there are going to be a lot of similarities. At the end of the day, you still need to get people in these facebook groups to do something for the campaign, which means you need to localize their actions. To do that, you are still going to need some form of chapter based model, and you’ll probably need another way to organize OTHER than on a social network.
Also, we’re definitely seeing a surge in youth vote turnout in recent years, but that’s for big elections - President, Midterms, etc. Primaries are another matter entirely. What challenges did you face at Gen Dean in turning out young voters for primaries (and caucuses), and how do you see that playing out in 2008?
Voter Registration. Period.
Voter registration is the main reason a lot of people don’t vote. This is doubly true for young voters, as many have two addresses: one at home, and one at school. Campaigns are going to have to push early and hard to register young voters wherever they find them. School-based Facebook groups are going to provide and added advantage to organizing students to register and vote at their schools. Unfortunately, we at Generation Dean dropped the ball, in my opinion, when it came to voter registration. We were just too late to get serious efforts underway in the states that we targeted, instead having to rely on existing voter registration rolls rather than our own contacts.
Campaigns should foster the growth of these groups as early as possible - hopefully, with campaigns gearing up this early, there will be some real progress to get groups organized before the end of the school year. By the time students are back in August and September, the infrastructure is already in place to mount voter registration drives. That will go a long way to driving up the number of young people who vote in primaries.
Smashing the Myth
Thanks for your post Michael! Recently I’ve tried digging up as much as I could find about the Generation Dean days, but there’s not as much as I expected. If you and other GenDean vets feel called to, it would be awesome of you could create some “movement memory” via a Wikipedia page.
Generation Dean was the consolidation of Students for Dean and Dean for America’s earlier youth outreach efforts. Obama’s campaign has now asked Students for Barack Obama to be their official youth outreach organization…do you forsee a similar need to rebrand and even restructure what currently exists so as to be able to reach out to a wider range of the youth population? Any recommendations on how best to do this? Also, reaching students in large numbers is obviously a much easier task than reaching other potential young voters…what were the most successful ways in which Generation Dean tapped into the non-student youth demographic?
Thanks for passing on your experience and wisdom! :)